First Pass Yield (FPY)
Percentage of units produced that meet quality standards without rework or repair
What is First Pass Yield (FPY)?
First pass yield is the percentage of units that pass quality checks the first time, without rework. It shows how well a process makes good product straight away.
Rework costs time and money, so a high first pass yield means an efficient, well-controlled process.
How this KPI is measured
- Function
- Operations & Supply Chain
- Sub-function
- Quality Control
- Industry
- Manufacturing
- Type
- Lagging
- Impact
- Quality
- Unit
- %
- Measurement frequency
- Daily / Weekly
- Formula
- (Units passing quality check without rework / Total units produced) × 100
How to calculate it
Divide units passing quality check without rework by total units produced, and multiply by 100.
For example, if 9,500 of 10,000 units passed first time, FPY is 95%.
Measure at each process step, and note that the yield of a whole line is the product of each step's yield.
Where it is used
Finding hidden waste
See rework loss.
Improving process quality
Target weak steps.
Estimating true capacity
Understand output.
How to improve it
Tips and common mistakes
- Do not hide rework by counting it as a pass.
- Compare like processes.
- Track step yields as well as the overall.
More Operations & Supply Chain kpi library
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